Leveraging infrastructure for regional integration and economic growth in the Southern African Development Community: A conceptual framework

Abstract

Background: While the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region is endowed with rich deposits of mineral resources, yet it is confronted with slow economic growth as compared to other regions. Road infrastructure quality is considered an enabler to economic growth for interconnected countries. Therefore, road infrastructure investment is significant to enable trade openness and ultimately economic growth.
Objectives: This study explores the role of road infrastructure quality in fostering regional economic integration and economic growth within the SADC.
Method: By analysing the relationship between road quality, trade openness and economic growth, the study employs panel data regression methods on a sample of four SADC countries (Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe) from 2010 to 2020.
Results: The findings suggest that while road quality has an indirect impact on trade openness, government spending and foreign direct investment are key factors enhancing trade integration. Furthermore, trade openness positively influences economic growth, especially when supported by favourable macroeconomic policies.
Conclusion: Based on these findings, the study recommends prioritising sustainable road infrastructure investments, strengthening public–private partnerships to bridge funding gaps, harmonising trade and transport policies to reduce cross-border inefficiencies and integrating road development with broader economic and trade facilitation strategies.
Contribution: These measures can amplify the benefits of road infrastructure improvements, foster greater regional connectivity and stimulate inclusive economic growth. The study offers a conceptual framework to guide policymakers in the SADC region towards maximising the economic gains from infrastructure-led integration.